Key points: 

> TARGETS: Nearly every country has a national water strategy that aims to boost water security. These programmes include supply and demand management initiatives to expand supply to meet demand while also cutting carbon emissions.

> EXPENDITURE: Contracts worth $115bn were awarded between 2013 and 2023. Nearly $14bn were awarded between January and September this year.

> TOP CONTRACTORS AND CLIENTS: Saudi Arabia’s Al-Rashid Trading & Contracting Company, Metito and China’s Sepco 3 are the top EPC contractors, while Saline Water Conversion Corporation is by far the largest client in terms of value of contracts awarded in 2013-23.

> PROJECTS: Top projects to watch out for in the next 12 months include independent and engineering, procurement and construction water schemes in Saudi Arabia, as well as major projects in Egypt, Jordan and Neom.

> WASTEWATER: Known planned and unawarded water treatment plant projects are estimated to be worth $21.3bn.  

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